The German chemist Friedrich Hauschild had been aware of the American amphetamine Benzedrine ever since the drug has been used as a doping product in the Olympic Games in Berlin in 1936. “We don’t need weak people,” Hitler declared, “we want only the strong!” Weak people took drugs such as opium to escape strong people took methamphetamine to feel even stronger.

Aryans, who were the embodiment of human perfection in Nazi ideology, could now even aspire to be superhuman-and such superhumans could be turned into supersoldiers. Rather, they were taken for hyper-alertness and vigilance. In sharp contrast to drugs such as heroin or alcohol, methamphetamines were not about escapist pleasure. Energizing and confidence boosting, methamphetamine played into the Third Reich’s obsession with physical and mental superiority.

Indeed, the little pill was the perfect Nazi drug: “Germany, awake!” the Nazis had commanded. While other drugs were banned or discouraged, methamphetamine was touted as a miracle product when it appeared on the market in the late 1930s. But as Norman Ohler shows in Blitzed: Drugs in Nazi Germany, methamphetamine was the privileged exception.

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